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Food and Water Ozonator
|
The report below has been reprinted from the original analysis conducted
by the Consumers Union of the United States, Inc., Public Service Projects
Department, Technical Division.
"Which Foods Have the Highest TI Values? Seven
foods consistently had high or very high TI's each time tested: Fresh
peaches (both domestic and imported); frozen and
fresh winter squash grown in the U.S.; domestic and imported apples, grapes, spinach and pears;
and U.S.-grown green beans. Among these, U.S. peaches
and frozen winter squash had TI Values about 10-fold higher than
even the other "high" scores..."
DO YOU KNOW WHAT YOU'RE EATING?
AN ANALYSIS OF U.S. GOVERNMENT DATA
ON PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN FOODS1
Links to the Individual
Tables
|| Table
1: Foods Tested by the USDA Pesticide Data Program, 1994-1997 ||
|| Table
2: Acute Toxicity of Pesticides Detected ||
|| Table
3: Chronic Toxicity of Pesticides Detected || || Table
4: Toxicity
Indices for Foods Tested ||
|| Table 5: Shares of Total Toxicity Index Values Contributed by Individual Pesticides Detected ||
|| Table
6: Odds of Exceeding "Safe" Daily Doses for Selected
Pesticides in Selected Foods ||
|| Table
7: Multiple Pesticide Residues: Frequency Distribution of Samples ||
|| Table
8: Applications of Selected High-Risk Pesticides to Selected Crops ||
|
Table
3. Chronic Toxicity of Pesticides Detected
by the USDA Pesticide Data Program, 1994-1997
|
|
|
(A)
|
(B)
|
(C)
|
(D)
|
(E)
|
(F)
|
(G)
|
(H)
|
(I)
|
(J)
|
(K)
|
|
Reference Dose Component
|
Carcinogenicity Component
|
|
|
Pesticide
|
EPA Reference
Dose (RfD)
(mg/kg/day)
|
1/RfD
|
Scaled Inverse
RfD
(0.1
x Col. B)
|
Endocrine Disruptor Component
|
(C) x (D)
|
EPA Class- ification
|
EPA Class Value
|
EPA Cancer Potency Factor
(Q*)
|
Carcino- genicity Component
(G x H)
|
Scaled Carcino-
genicity Component
(50
x I)
|
Chronic Toxicity Index
(E
+ J)
|
|
2,4-D
|
0.01
|
100
|
10
|
3
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
4-hydroxydiphenylamine (DPA)
|
0.025
|
40
|
4
|
1
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
acephate
|
0.0012
|
833
|
83
|
1
|
83
|
|
|
|
|
|
83
|
|
aldicarb
|
0.001
|
1,000
|
100
|
3
|
300
|
|
|
|
|
|
300
|
|
aldicarb sulfoxide
|
0.001
|
1,000
|
100
|
3
|
300
|
|
|
|
|
|
300
|
|
aldoxycarb
|
0.001
|
1,000
|
100
|
1
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
|
100
|
|
atrazine
|
0.035
|
29
|
2.9
|
3
|
9
|
C
|
5
|
0.222
|
1.11
|
55.5
|
64
|
|
azinphos-methyl
|
0.0015
|
667
|
67
|
1
|
67
|
|
|
|
|
|
67
|
|
benomyl
|
0.05
|
20
|
2
|
3
|
6
|
C
|
5
|
0.0042
|
0.021
|
1.1
|
7
|
|
bifenthrin
|
0.015
|
67
|
7
|
1
|
7
|
|
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
captan
|
0.13
|
8
|
0.8
|
1
|
1
|
B2
|
10
|
0.00121
|
0.0121
|
0.6
|
1
|
|
carbaryl
|
0.014
|
71
|
7
|
3
|
21
|
C
|
5
|
0.0227
|
0.1135
|
6
|
27
|
|
carbofuran
|
0.005
|
200
|
20
|
1
|
20
|
|
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
carbofuran-3 OH
|
0.005
|
200
|
20
|
1
|
20
|
|
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
chlordane
|
0.00006
|
16,667
|
1,667
|
1
|
1,667
|
B2
|
10
|
1.3
|
13
|
650
|
2,317
|
|
chlorothalonil
|
0.02
|
50
|
5
|
1
|
5
|
B2
|
10
|
0.0077
|
0.077
|
3.9
|
9
|
|
chlorpropham
|
0.05
|
20
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
chlorpyrifos
|
0.0003
|
3,333
|
333
|
1
|
333
|
|
|
|
|
|
333
|
|
chlorpyrifos-methyl
|
0.01
|
100
|
10
|
1
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
cypermethrin
|
0.01
|
100
|
10
|
3
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
DCPA
|
0.01
|
100
|
10
|
1
|
10
|
C
|
5
|
0.00149
|
0.00745
|
0.4
|
10
|
|
DDD (TDE)
|
0.0005
|
2,000
|
200
|
1
|
200
|
B2
|
10
|
0.34
|
3.4
|
170
|
370
|
|
DDE
|
0.0005
|
2,000
|
200
|
1
|
200
|
B2
|
10
|
0.34
|
3.4
|
170
|
370
|
|
DDT
|
0.0005
|
2,000
|
200
|
1
|
200
|
B2
|
10
|
0.34
|
3.4
|
170
|
370
|
|
demeton-S-sulfone
|
0.00004
|
25,000
|
2,500
|
1
|
2,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,500
|
|
diazinon
|
0.0007
|
1,429
|
143
|
1
|
143
|
|
|
|
|
|
143
|
|
dichlorvos (DDVP)
|
0.00017
|
5,882
|
588
|
1
|
588
|
C
|
5
|
0.122
|
0.61
|
30.5
|
619
|
|
diclofop methyl
|
0.002
|
500
|
50
|
1
|
50
|
|
|
|
|
|
108
|
|
dicloran
|
0.025
|
40
|
4
|
1
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
dicofol PP
|
0.0012
|
833
|
83
|
3
|
250
|
|
|
|
|
|
250
|
|
dieldrin
|
0.00005
|
20,000
|
2,000
|
1
|
2,000
|
B2
|
10
|
16
|
160
|
8,000
|
10,000
|
|
dimethoate
|
0.0005
|
2,000
|
200
|
1
|
200
|
|
|
|
|
|
200
|
|
diphenylamine (DPA)
|
0.025
|
40
|
4
|
1
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
disulfoton sulfone
|
0.0003
|
3,333
|
333
|
1
|
333
|
|
|
|
|
|
333
|
|
endosulfan I
|
0.006
|
167
|
17
|
3
|
50
|
|
|
|
|
|
50
|
|
endosulfan II
|
0.006
|
167
|
17
|
3
|
50
|
|
|
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
(A)
|
(B)
|
(C)
|
(D)
|
(E)
|
(F)
|
(G)
|
(H)
|
(I)
|
(J)
|
(K)
|
|
Reference Dose Component
|
Carcinogenicity Component
|
|
|
Pesticide
|
EPA Reference
Dose (RfD)
(mg/kg/day)
|
1/RfD
|
Scaled Inverse
RfD
(0.1
x Col. B)
|
Endocrine Disruptor Component
|
(C) x (D)
|
EPA Class- ification
|
EPA Class Value
|
EPA Cancer Potency Factor
(Q*)
|
Carcino- genicity Component
(G x H)
|
Scaled Carcino-
genicity Component
(50
x I)
|
Chronic Toxicity Index
(E
+ J)
|
|
propargite
|
0.04
|
25
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
B2
|
10
|
0.0171
|
0.171
|
8.6
|
11
|
|
quintozene (PCNB)
|
0.003
|
333
|
33
|
1
|
33
|
|
|
|
|
|
33
|
|
simazine
|
0.005
|
200
|
20
|
1
|
20
|
C
|
5
|
0.12
|
0.6
|
30
|
50
|
|
tecnazine
|
0.01
|
100
|
10
|
1
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
thiabendazole
|
0.1
|
10
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
THPI (tetrahydro- phthalimide)
|
N.A.*
|
N.A.*
|
N.A.*
|
N.A.*
|
N.A.*
|
N.A.*
|
N.A.*
|
N.A.*
|
N.A.*
|
N.A.*
|
N.A.*
|
|
triadimefon
|
0.04
|
25
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
trifluralin
|
0.024
|
42
|
4
|
3
|
13
|
C
|
5
|
0.0077
|
0.0385
|
1.9
|
14
|
|
vinclozolin
|
0.012
|
83
|
8
|
3
|
25
|
|
|
|
|
|
25
|
|
N.A.
= Toxicity data not available on this post-harvest fungicide.
|
|
|
|
|
|
(A)
|
(B)
|
(C)
|
(D)
|
(E)
|
(F)
|
(G)
|
(H)
|
(I)
|
(J)
|
(K)
|
|
Reference Dose Component
|
Carcinogenicity Component
|
|
|
Pesticide
|
EPA Reference
Dose (RfD)
(mg/kg/day)
|
1/RfD
|
Scaled Inverse
RfD
(0.1
x Col. B)
|
Endocrine Disruptor Component
|
(C) x (D)
|
EPA Class- ification
|
EPA Class Value
|
EPA Cancer Potency Factor
(Q*)
|
Carcino- genicity Component
(G x H)
|
Scaled Carcino-
genicity Component
(50
x I)
|
Chronic Toxicity Index
(E
+ J)
|
|
propargite
|
0.04
|
25
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
B2
|
10
|
0.0171
|
0.171
|
8.6
|
11
|
|
quintozene (PCNB)
|
0.003
|
333
|
33
|
1
|
33
|
|
|
|
|
|
33
|
|
simazine
|
0.005
|
200
|
20
|
1
|
20
|
C
|
5
|
0.12
|
0.6
|
30
|
50
|
|
tecnazine
|
0.01
|
100
|
10
|
1
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
thiabendazole
|
0.1
|
10
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
THPI (tetrahydro- phthalimide)
|
|
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